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History
The first text ever written about plants in medicine is on clay. It comprises a set of tablets engraved with cuneiform letters and its writers, the Sumarians, compiled it some 3000 years B.C.
Thus begins the official history
of phytotherapy, although it is known that in fact, man made very
early use of plants, both as food and as remedies.
Since then, man has continued his unbroken quest for a knowledge of plants, their secrets and their beneficial properties. Nowadays, science is making such strides that new horizons are opening up for phytotherapy: new, cutting-edge scientific methods of gaining knowledge of the active principles of plants, the discovery of new properties, new and more convenient forms of use designed to suit the needs of modern-day life.
Plants have now become actual medicines.
A few dates:
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3000 B.C. |
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the
first known compilation, on clay tablets, of plant formulae listing
up to 250 plant species (discovered in 1948 - Mesopotamia). |
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1500 B.C. |
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the Ebers papyri of the Pharaonic
civilizations mention several hundred medicinal plants. |
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400 B.C. |
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Hippocrates,
the illustrious Greek physician, seeks to explain the virtues
of plants and writes the "Corpus Hippocratum", which
deals with about 250 "simples" (the first plants traditionally
used). |
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1st century
A.D. |
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Dioscorides, another
Greek physician, writes his famous "De Materia Medica",
listing 600 "simples", destined to remain, for centuries,
the reference work on plants. |
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During
the 2nd century |
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Galen,
yet another Greek physician, codifies the use of plants and develops
a large number of magistral formulations. |
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15th century |
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Christopher Columbus
and Vasco da Gama bring medicinal plants back from their voyages.
People talk about the "Plants of the Discovery". |
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16th century |
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Paracelsus
defines the notion of an active principle. Research into plant
morphology is performed in order to explain their therapeutic
activity. People talk about the "Theory of Signatures". |
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1986 |
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In France, the Ministry
of Health suggests regulations to cover Product Licences for plant-based
patent medicines. |
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